The Guide to Washing Raw Wool

Why Wash Raw Wool?

Raw wool contains lanolin (natural grease), dirt, dust, and sometimes plant debris. Over time, lanolin hardens and makes fiber processing difficult. Proper scouring (washing) removes these impurities without damaging the fibers. Additionally, an efficient washing method minimizes water and energy consumption.

Principles of Wool Scouring

To achieve optimal results, follow these key principles:

• Use the correct water temperature (around 65°C or 150°F) to effectively dissolve grease without damaging fibers.
• Avoid excessive agitation to prevent felting.
• Use a mild detergent with degreasing properties and a neutral pH.
• Allow wool to drain properly between washing and rinsing stages.
• Utilize efficient drying techniques to prevent mildew and fiber degradation.

Essential Materials

To make the process smooth, gather the following materials:

• Plastic basins (15L size) – Medium-sized for easy handling.
• Mesh bags or perforated basins – To transport and soak the wool without excessive movement.
• Drainer – To allow the wool to release excess water between steps.
• Mild detergent – A hand dishwashing detergent or a wool-specific cleaner.
• Large plastic spoon – To help dissolve detergent and gently press wool into water.
• Manual or electric spinner – To remove excess water efficiently.
• Drying racks or mesh bags – To promote even drying.
• Towels – For pressing out remaining moisture before drying.

How to Wash Raw Wool: General Method

This method is suitable for washing larger portions of wool efficiently.

1. Prepare the Wash Basin – Fill a basin with water at 65°C (150°F).
2. Dissolve the Detergent – Add a generous amount of detergent, ensuring it dissolves without creating excessive foam.
3. Immerse the Wool – Place the wool in a mesh bag or directly into a perforated basin. Avoid overloading to allow the wool to expand.
4. Soak – Let the wool sit in the water for about 20 minutes without stirring.
5. Drain and Rinse – Remove the wool, let excess water drain, and transfer it to a second basin of 65°C water for a 10-minute rinse.
6. Final Drain and Spin – Remove wool, drain excess water, and use a spinner if available.
7. Dry – Lay wool on a drying rack or hang it in a mesh bag for complete drying.

How to Wash Individual Locks of Wool

This technique is ideal for small batches or special wool studies.

1. Prepare Two Small Basins – Fill them with 65°C (150°F) water.
2. Wash Each Lock – Hold a small section of wool by its base, gently immerse it in detergent water, and swish back and forth.
3. Rinse – Repeat the movement in the second basin of clean rinse water.
4. Dry Locks – Lay flat on a towel, press gently to remove moisture, and leave to air dry.

Washing raw wool is a crucial step in fiber preparation, ensuring that it remains soft, clean, and easy to handle. You need to follow the correct procedures so you can maintain the quality of your wool while conserving resources. Whether working with large batches or individual locks, a mindful approach to scouring will yield the best results for all your wool projects.

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